Design and Architecture of a Production Web App

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Welcome to another week, another opportunity to become a great DevOps and Software Engineer

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Imagine you’re in a job interview, and they ask:
“Can you explain how a real web app works behind the scenes?”

You don’t need to panic. You don’t need fancy terms.
Here’s how to answer in a simple, smart way-step by step:

Step 1: Getting Your App Online (Deployment)

When you finish writing your code, it doesn’t stay on your computer.

You “send” it to the internet so everyone can use it. This process is called deployment.

Tools like GitHub Actions or Jenkins help move your code from your computer to a live website automatically, so you don’t have to do it by hand.

This makes sure your updates are fast, safe, and always ready for users.

Step 2: When a User Visits Your App

Let’s say someone opens your app in their browser.

Their request travels through the internet and lands on your app’s server—which is like the brain of your app.

Before it gets there, a traffic manager (called a load balancer) helps spread out the traffic so one server doesn’t get too full. This keeps everything fast and smooth, even if many people use the app at once.

Step 3: Showing the Page (Serving Content)

When the user’s request arrives, your app sends back the page they asked for.

Some parts of your app—like images or design files—don’t change often. These are stored in special places called CDNs (short for Content Delivery Networks), which are like shortcuts that send these files quickly from nearby locations.

This makes your app load faster for users.

Step 4: Getting the Right Information (Backend Work)

Sometimes the user needs more than just a page—like seeing their messages or past orders.

In that case, your app needs to get data. It does this by asking a database (a storage place for information).

If the request is simple, the answer comes back quickly. But if it’s a big job (like creating a full report), the app does that in the background so the user doesn’t have to wait.

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